George Elwood Smith

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009

Co-nobelist: Charles K. Kao, Willard S. Boyle

Applied physicist. Co-inventor of imaging semiconductor circuit, the charge-coupled device (CCD sensor) which has become an electronic eye in almost all areas of photography.
His interest was Applied Mathematics. Mathematics Professor was dismissed. So he became a physicist – Applied not Theoretical because he was interested in hands-on work.

Charles Kao Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006

Co-nobelist: Willard S. Boyle, George E. Smith

Prize motivation: “for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication.”

Willard Boyle Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006

Co-nobelists: Charles K. Kao, George E. Smith

Prize motivation: “for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor.”

John C. Mather Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006

Co-nobelist George F. Smoot

Physicist – Astrophysics, Instrumentation. COBE, Blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation.

“For years I had successfully repelled all challenges to my concentration on one overwhelming responsibility. Now, it was done, and I switched my attention to …”

George Smoot Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006

Co-nobelist: John C. Mather

Prize motivation: “for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation.”

Theodor Hansch Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005

Co-nobelists: Roy J. Glauber, John L. Hall

Prize motivation: “for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique.”

Wolfgang Ketterle Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001

Nobel co-recipients Eric A. Cornell, Carl E. Wieman

Physicist – Atomic Physics. Hobbies: Running, Bicycling.

“…the quest for pure knowledge and the pursuit of goals which are only vaguely defined and change as the research progresses… I didn’t anticipate that the best was still to come”.

Jack S. Kilby Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000

Co-nobelists Zhores Alferov, Herbert Kroemer

Prize: “for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit.

Gerardus ‘t Hooft Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1999

Nobel co-recipient Martinus J.G. Veltman

Theoretical Physicist – Particle Physics. For PH.D Thesis work in 1971, Nobel Prize awarded in 1999.

“A man who knows everything,” my answer at age 8 yrs, regarding what I’d like to become when I grow up. I meant “scientist”, someone who unravels the secrets of the fundamental Laws of Nature.

William D. Phillips Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997

Nobel co-recipients Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji

Physicist. Development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. Think about physics intuitively. Open, lively discussion of physics problems. Do physics at frontiers competitively with openness, humanity, cooperation. Excellent teacher. Religious.

“No prize can compare in importance to family and friends I count as my greatest treasures”.

Frederick Reines B.S. (Mechanical Engineering), Ph.D. (Physics)

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995
National Medal of Science – Physical Sciences 1983

Nobel co-recipient Martin L. Perl

Award: “for the detection of the neutrino”

Clifford G. Shull Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1994

Co-nobelist Bertram N. Brockhouse

Prize “for the development of the neutron diffraction technique”

Henry W. Kendall Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990

Co-nobelist Jerome I. Friedman, Richard E. Taylor

Award: “for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics”

Jack Steinberger Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988
National Medal of Science – Physical Sciences 1988 USA

Co-Nobelist: Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz

Physicist, Cosmologist, Astrophysicist. Hobbies: Playing the Flute, Tennis, Mountaineering, Sailing.

To Ganga Library founder on 3 Aug 2014, “I have used your questions to me as an incentive to prepare a list of my publications”.

Melvin Schwartz Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988

Co-Nobelist: Leon M. Lederman, Jack Steinberger

Award: “for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino”

Subramanyan Chandrasekhar Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1983

Co-Nobelist: William A. Fowler

Award: “for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars” stems”

John H. van Vleck Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977
The President’s National Medal of Science – Physical Sciences 1966

Nobel co-recipients Philip W. Anderson, Sir Nevill F. Mott

Award: “for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems”

Philip Anderson

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977

Co-Nobelist Sir Nevill F. Mott, John H. van Vleck

Award: “for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems.”

James Rainwater Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975

Co-Nobelists: Aage N. Bohr, Ben R. Mottelson

Award: “for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection”

Ivar Giaever

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1973

Nobel co-recipients: Leo Esaki, Brian D. Josephson

“for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively.”

Luis Alvarez Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1968

Award: “for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis”

Hans Bethe Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1967

Award: “for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars”

Julian Schwinger Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965
National Medal of Science – Physical Sciences 1964

Nobel co-recipients Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Richard P. Feynman

Award: “for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles”

Nicolay Basov

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964

Nobel co-recipients: Charles H. Townes, Aleksandr M. Prokhorov

Award: “for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle.”

Maria G. Mayer Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963

Co-Nobelists: Eugene Wigner, J. Hans D. Jensen

Award: “for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure”

Eugene Wigner Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963
The President’s National Medal of Science – Physical Sciences 1968

Nobel co-recipients Maria Goeppert Mayer, J. Hans D. Jensen

Award: “for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles”

Robert Hofstadter Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics, 1961
National Medal of Science – Physical Science 1986

Nobel co-recipient Rudolf Mössbauer

Nuclear and particle physicist. Discoverer of sodium iodide scintillation counters. Carried out electron scattering from atomic nuclei, revealing structure of nuclei and nucleons. Original proposer of two-mile SLAC linear accelerator. Pioneer of gamma-ray astronomy, using EGRET detector aboard the Compton observatory. Research in laser fusion, applications of physics to medicine.

Rudolf Mossbauer

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961

Nobel co-recipient: Robert Hofstadter

“for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name.”

Owen Chamberlain Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959

Co-Nobelist: Emilio Segrè

Award: “for their discovery of the antiproton”

John Bardeen Ph.D.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956

Co-Nobelists: William B. Shockley, Walter H. Brattain

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972

Co-Nobelist: Leon Cooper, John Robert Schrieffer

Award 1956: “for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”
Award 1972: “for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BSC-theory”

Walter Brattain Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1956

Co-Nobelists: William B. Shockley, John Bardeen

Award: “for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”

William B. Shockley Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1956

Nobel co-recipients John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain

Award: “for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”

Polykarp Kusch Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1955

Co-Nobelist: Willis E. Lamb

Award: for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron”

Willis E. Lamb Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1955

Co-Nobelist: Polykarp Kusch

Award: “for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum”

Felix Bloch Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1952

Nobel co-recipient: E. M. Purcell

Award: “for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith”

Edward M. Purcell B.S.E.E.,Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1952

Nobel co-recipient Felix Bloch

Award: “for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith”

Ernest Walton

Nobel Prize in Physics 1951

Nobel co-recipient: John Cockcroft

“for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles.”

Percy Bridgman Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1946

Award: “for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics

Isidor Isaac Rabi Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1944

Award: “for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei”

Otto Stern Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1943

Award: “for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei”

Clinton Davisson Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1937

Co-nobelist George Paget Thomson

Award: “for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals”

Carl D. Anderson Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1936

Co-Nobelist Victor F. Hess

Award: “for his discovery of the positron.”

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman M.A. [Physics]

Nobel Prize in Physics 1930

Atomic Physicist. Molecular Diffraction of Light. Raman Effect. Structure, optical behaviour of iridescent substances. Acoustics, violin.

Raman lost Nobel Prize money to fraudulent financer. Meeting fraudster years later, he said: You deserve Nobel Prize for your cunning in duping Nobel Laureate!

Playful comment: Unfortunately Economics Nobel instituted later in 1969!

Author H. Compton Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1927

Co-nobelist C.T.R. Wilson

Award: “for his discovery of the effect named after him”

James Franck Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1925

Co-nobelist Gustav Hertz

Award: “for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom”

Robert A. Millikan Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1923

Award: “for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect”

Albert A. Michelson Ph.D.

Nobel Prize in Physics 1907

Award: “for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure”

John William Strutt

Nobel Prize in Physics 1904

Award: “for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies.”